Combination Units/Multi-Function Devices
Last Updated: 03/15/23
A Multifunction Device (MFD) is a physically integrated device or a combination of functionally integrated components that produces hard copy duplicates from graphical hard copy originals as well as performing one or both of the following core functions: printing of documents (from digital information received from direct connect computers, networked computers, file servers and fax transmissions) or faxing (send and receive). An MFD may also include scanning to computer file or any other capabilities not listed in this MOU. The device may be connected to a network, and may output black & white, gray scale, or color images.
Product Details
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Federal agencies are required by statute to purchase products as designated or specified under this program.
Federal agencies are required to purchase sustainable products and services meeting EPA’s Recommendations to the maximum extent practicable.
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Procurement Info
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Where to Buy
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Energy Star
EPEAT (Highest Rating Available)
Legal Requirements
Lists federal requirements related to the purchase of this item, including applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) requirements
Life Cycle Cost Savings
Life Cycle Costing (LCC) aims to quantify the financial impact of a product over its entire life cycle to assist consumers in making decisions that will save them money over the long term.
For most applications, Energy Star-qualified multifuction imaging devices have the lowest life-cycle cost. For example, FEMP has estimated that a typical federal agency purchasing 100 Energy Star-qualified multifunction devices could save $7,800 in energy costs over the life of the devices, compared to less efficient units. Additionally, EPA has estimated that 100 Energy Star-qualified multifunction devices could avoid between 2,500 and 34,300 pounds of greenhouse gas emissions each year.
An efficient product is cost effective when the energy costs saved over the life of the product exceed the additional upfront cost (if any) of the more efficient model. Energy Star considers both upfront costs and lifetime energy cost savings when setting required efficiency levels. Federal purchasers may assume that Energy Star-qualified products and products meeting FEMP-designated efficiency requirements are life-cycle cost effective.
To calculate life cycle cost savings, explore these tools:
- On its Purchasing & Procurement page, Energy Star offers MS-Excel-based calculators to estimate how much money and energy you can save purchasing ENERGY STAR multi-function devices.
- For EPEAT-registered products, the Green Electronics Council offers a benefits calculator to quantify the environmental and financial benefits compared to standard products.
- NREL’s Levelized Cost of Energy Calculator can help estimate the cost of electricity as an input for your lifecycle cost calculations, accounting for both cost escalation and discount rates.
Guiding Principles
Contributes to meeting The Guiding Principles for Sustainable Federal Buildings
Additional Guidance
The 2015 Federal Electronic Asset Take-Back Guidance
addresses the inclusion of provisions in contracts or leases for manufacturer or reseller take-back of used electronic assets.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Recommended Specifications, Standards, and Ecolabels
Executive Order (EO) 14057, Catalyzing Clean Energy Industries and Jobs Through Federal Sustainability, (08 DEC 2021), requires federal agencies to purchase sustainable products and services certified to the standards/ecolabels included in the Recommendations to the maximum extent practicable.
The FAR was amended in June 2014 to add clause 52.223-13 Acquisition of EPEAT®–Registered Imaging Equipment, which requires the delivery or supply of EPEAT®–registered imaging equipment. Refer to FAR 23.705 for prescribed usage of the clause.
Potential LEED Contributions
This product may contribute* toward points in multiple LEED v4 rating systems, including areas required for LEED v4 building certification. It will mainly enable calculations for energy simulations and plug load calculations demonstrating energy use improvements over baseline estimates. Primarily, the credits will apply in the Building Design and Construction (BD+C) and Building Operations and Maintenance (O+M) categories. This includes the specialty areas of: New Construction and Major Renovation, Existing Buildings, Core & Shell, Schools, Retail, Data Centers, Warehouse and Distribution Centers, Hospitality, and Healthcare. Specific credits are:
- Energy & Atmosphere - Optimize Energy Performance
* It is important to note that no products, individually or collectively, can guarantee a specific number of points for LEED Category credit. Each credit will need to be matched to the product by a certified professional.
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